Those are debian/ubuntu basics... Multiple ways to get a result, this is what i would use
A. How do I find the full version of any installed module?
dpkg -l <packagename>
B. How do I find the full list of all the installed modules?
dpkg -l |grep '^ii'
C. How do I find if a module is available for install, without actually installing it?
apt-cache search <somestring>
apt-cache show <packagename>
D. How do I find the full list of all the available modules from all the feeds already set in my config?
apt-cache dumpavail